EndNote 是一個編輯討人厭reference的東西
我認為這樣的軟體，至少要user friendly一點
但是...好吧....我知道....我該去列reference了
2007/02/07
Tofel ibt 筆記一: 20070207
across= diameter
offsoot 樹木的分枝 (樹幹分枝)
penetrate 穿透、進入
diligently 勤奮
narrative 敘述式的、記事的
rousing Western 激起西部情感的
voracious 貪婪的
tenacious 堅持的
protagonist 主角=lead
offsoot 樹木的分枝 (樹幹分枝)
penetrate 穿透、進入
diligently 勤奮
narrative 敘述式的、記事的
rousing Western 激起西部情感的
voracious 貪婪的
tenacious 堅持的
protagonist 主角=lead
2007/02/04
Enhacing our Heritage--Part E--Hockings et al., 2006
2. Effective management systems
It is difficult to manage effectively without basic businessmanagement systems.
Some suggestions are:
*straightforward changes in management practices
*followed by small-scale projects that could enhance capacity
*larger-scale projects to address major management issues
3. Developing clear management targets
*Site values however should also reflect other natural values such as geological or representative ecological processes, as well as any cultural or social values that arelocally, nationally or globally important to stakeholders.
*It proved a challenge to agree on management objectives, inseveral of the pilot sites, particularly for the areas that did not have agreed or effective management plans.
4. Increasing site knowledge
*There is an on-going need to collect data and develop,expand or refine monitoring systems to assess the overall condition of the site and to ensure that site management is leading to the expected conservation outcomes.
*Focus on effective and critical oucome evaluation.
It is difficult to manage effectively without basic businessmanagement systems.
Some suggestions are:
*straightforward changes in management practices
*followed by small-scale projects that could enhance capacity
*larger-scale projects to address major management issues
3. Developing clear management targets
*Site values however should also reflect other natural values such as geological or representative ecological processes, as well as any cultural or social values that arelocally, nationally or globally important to stakeholders.
*It proved a challenge to agree on management objectives, inseveral of the pilot sites, particularly for the areas that did not have agreed or effective management plans.
4. Increasing site knowledge
*There is an on-going need to collect data and develop,expand or refine monitoring systems to assess the overall condition of the site and to ensure that site management is leading to the expected conservation outcomes.
*Focus on effective and critical oucome evaluation.
Enhacing our Heritage--Part D--Hockings et al., 2006
Fund (Cost): US$30,000 per site/per year
took four years form undertake to monitor system
Lesson learned:
1. Working in partnership
2. Effective management systems
3. Developing clear management targets
4. Increasing site knowledge
1. Working in partnership
(1) It is rigorous (hard) for site managers to assemble a team of stakeholder representatives to work with them to develop and support the M&E process.
(2) It should avoid overlapping of activities by different stakeholders and thus maximize the use of their resources.
(3) Although there are some stakeholder dialogues, but most are just provide information for elicit rather than working with managers and share information and opinions and ensure effectivesite management
(4) Stakeholder input need to be strengthened. There remains a strong tendency for reports produced solely or largely by managers to present a ‘positive’view of management, with limited external input.
took four years form undertake to monitor system
Lesson learned:
1. Working in partnership
2. Effective management systems
3. Developing clear management targets
4. Increasing site knowledge
1. Working in partnership
(1) It is rigorous (hard) for site managers to assemble a team of stakeholder representatives to work with them to develop and support the M&E process.
(2) It should avoid overlapping of activities by different stakeholders and thus maximize the use of their resources.
(3) Although there are some stakeholder dialogues, but most are just provide information for elicit rather than working with managers and share information and opinions and ensure effectivesite management
(4) Stakeholder input need to be strengthened. There remains a strong tendency for reports produced solely or largely by managers to present a ‘positive’view of management, with limited external input.
Enhacing our Heritage--Part C--Hockings et al., 2006
*Initial Evaluation*
1.Be used to gain baseline data on the current situation
2.Information can also be used to develop addition M&E systems to
(1) formulate small-scale response
(2) large-scale proposals for areas where adaptations to management have been identified (ex. add staff training)
3. Also used to test the various methodologies developed to assess the elements of the IUCN-WCPA Framework
1.Be used to gain baseline data on the current situation
2.Information can also be used to develop addition M&E systems to
(1) formulate small-scale response
(2) large-scale proposals for areas where adaptations to management have been identified (ex. add staff training)
3. Also used to test the various methodologies developed to assess the elements of the IUCN-WCPA Framework
*Results of EoH project
1. As to first aim...
--The research team found that will depend on the managers & management agency awareness and got benefits or not
--Some suggestions: (1) working with managers and staff during periods of management reviews (ex. develop MP together); (2) institutionalize M&E at the agency level.
2. Many PAs can't finish all WCPA framework in first evaluation
3. The success has been mixed in :
(1) Integrating the results of assessment
(2)Resulting adaptive management with management planning
(3) Reinforcing the underlying needs to ensure the sites can implementation
Enhacing our Heritage--Part B--Hockings et al., 2006
Framework: WCPA Framework
Indicators and tools: Build up a picture of the adequacy & appropriateness of management and the extent to which objectives are being achieved (Learned by TNC & Biodiversity Support Program)
Suit for all natural WH sites --> also can adapted to fit all PAs
Real Practice : (4 years)
1. Initial Evaluation (first year)
2. Second Evaluation (fourth year)
Indicators and tools: Build up a picture of the adequacy & appropriateness of management and the extent to which objectives are being achieved (Learned by TNC & Biodiversity Support Program)
Suit for all natural WH sites --> also can adapted to fit all PAs
Real Practice : (4 years)
1. Initial Evaluation (first year)
2. Second Evaluation (fourth year)
Enhacing our Heritage--Part A--Hockings et al., 2006
Enhacing our Heritage (EoH) Project
Aim:
1. establish and integrate assessment, monitoringand reporting programmes
2. implement the findings of assessments byproviding support for training, small-scaleinterventions and if possible assistance inpreparing and funding large-scale projects.
Team:
1. Head--Hockings
2. Team Members -- from Europe and Latin America
3. Managed by -- University of Queenland, Australia
4. Partner-- Staff and partners in nine pilot WH sites
(3 of Africa, 3 of Asia, and 3 of Latin America)
Approach:
Not top-down system-->
EoH toolkit are used to help all stakeholders (include managers) to
(1) assess current activities, (2) identify gaps, and discuss how problems might be addresses.
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